What Exactly Is PCOS? Its Impact on Pregnancy and Available Treatment Options

Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) affects about 5–10% of women and can occur in anyone. In this article, we’ll take a closer look at its causes and how it can affect pregnancy, helping you better understand the condition.

What Is Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS)? Why Is It Called “Polycystic”?

Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) is a condition in which the ovaries become enlarged and develop many small cysts. As the name suggests, it comes from the presence of multiple small cysts inside the ovaries.

A cyst is a small, fluid-filled sac. When many of these cysts form within the ovaries, the condition is referred to as polycystic ovaries.

PCOS is often caused by hormonal imbalance, which can affect a woman’s menstrual cycle and ability to become pregnant.

Causes and Symptoms of PCOS

The exact cause of PCOS is not yet fully understood, but it is believed that genetic factors and hormonal imbalances play an important role. Research has shown that insulin resistance—a condition in which the body’s cells do not respond well to insulin—is closely linked to the development of PCOS.

• Common symptoms of PCOS include:
• Irregular periods or missed periods
• Lack of ovulation
• Excess hair growth
• Weight gain or obesity
• Acne
• Thinning hair on the scalp

These symptoms vary from person to person, and their severity can differ widely.

By tracking your menstrual cycle and ovulation—using a period tracking app such as Moonly—you may be able to notice changes in your body earlier and gain a better understanding of your health.

Does Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) Affect Pregnancy?

PCOS can be a significant challenge for women who are hoping to become pregnant. Because PCOS often causes irregular ovulation, it can make it harder to conceive. Ovulation may not occur regularly, which can increase the time it takes to become pregnant.

However, having PCOS does not mean pregnancy is impossible. With appropriate treatment and support, many women with PCOS are able to improve their chances of conceiving. Under a doctor’s guidance, pregnancy may be achieved through ovulation-inducing medications and lifestyle improvements, such as diet and exercise.

Treatment Options for PCOS

Treatment for PCOS focuses on managing symptoms and increasing the chances of pregnancy, when desired. The approach depends on whether or not a woman wishes to become pregnant. Common treatment options include the following:

Lifestyle changes:

Regardless of pregnancy plans, if weight gain or obesity is present, maintaining a healthy diet and engaging in regular physical activity can help improve insulin resistance and support weight management.

Medication:

Medications may be used to balance hormones or stimulate ovulation. For those who are not trying to conceive, low-dose birth control pills may be prescribed. For those who wish to become pregnant, ovulation-inducing medications are commonly used.

Surgical treatment:

If medication is not effective, a minimally invasive procedure may be considered. This involves making small holes in the ovaries using laparoscopic surgery to help promote ovulation.

Summary

PCOS is a condition that can have a significant impact on women’s health. In some cases, it may interfere with daily life or become a cause of infertility. If you notice any concerning symptoms, it’s important to consult a gynecologist as early as possible to receive proper care and guidance.