Understanding Anemia During Menstruation
Nov 12, 2024
Heavy menstrual bleeding can lead to anemia, a condition known as menorrhagia. Menorrhagia results in a shortage of iron needed to produce hemoglobin in red blood cells, causing oxygen deficiency in the body. Symptoms may include palpitations, shortness of breath, dizziness, and easy fatigue. Some people may also experience pale skin, brittle nails, and skin issues.
What is Menorrhagia?
A typical menstrual blood volume is between 20–140 ml, but anything beyond this may be considered menorrhagia. Symptoms such as soaking through pads or tampons frequently or needing double protection might indicate menorrhagia.
Causes of Menorrhagia
Conditions affecting the uterus are common causes of menorrhagia. Two common conditions include:
- Endometriosis
This condition occurs when the endometrial tissue, normally inside the uterus, grows outside of it, such as on the ovaries or peritoneum. It is most common in women in their 20s and 30s and can lead to infertility.
- Uterine Fibroids
Uterine fibroids are benign tumors that form in the walls of the uterus. They are seen in 20–30% of women over the age of 30.
How to Prevent Anemia
- Consume Iron-Rich Foods
A well-balanced diet is essential for preventing anemia. Aim to eat iron-rich foods regularly, including green leafy vegetables, seafood, liver, shellfish (like clams), and high-quality proteins.
- Avoid Foods High in Tannins and Fiber
Drinks containing tannins, such as coffee and tea, and high-fiber foods can inhibit iron absorption. To prevent anemia, limit these items or consume them after meals.
- Supplement with Iron
If you need to supplement iron outside of meals, heme iron supplements are highly absorbable and efficient.
- Use Iron Cookware
Cooking with iron cookware can also help add iron to your diet naturally.
What to Do if You Develop Anemia
If you experience sudden anemia, there may be an underlying condition, such as internal bleeding. If you frequently experience dizziness, shortness of breath, or palpitations, seek medical attention as soon as possible. In cases of sudden dizziness, sit or squat down, loosen tight clothing, and rest until the symptoms subside.
