Hormones During Menstruation

Just before menstruation begins, levels of the hormone progesterone rapidly decrease. However, many of the discomforts experienced during menstruation, such as menstrual pain, are primarily influenced not by progesterone or estrogen but by another hormone called prostaglandin.

Menstruation is a process that occurs when pregnancy does not take place, allowing the body to expel the unnecessary uterine lining. Prostaglandin is the hormone responsible for facilitating this process.

Prostaglandin causes the uterus to contract, helping to expel the unnecessary uterine lining along with blood. These contractions are the primary cause of menstrual pain, and higher levels of prostaglandin secretion tend to result in more severe menstrual cramps.

Several factors can increase prostaglandin production, such as poor blood circulation caused by a cold body. Here are some ways to help suppress prostaglandin:

1. Take Non-Steroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs (NSAIDs)

Prescribed by doctors and not recommended for those under 15, NSAIDs can help inhibit the effects of prostaglandin.

2. Consume EPA (Eicosapentaenoic Acid)

EPA, a type of n-3 fatty acid found in oily fish, has a suppressive effect on prostaglandin. It’s abundant in fish like salmon, sardines, mackerel, and horse mackerel. If it’s challenging to get enough through food, supplements are also effective.

3. Limit Vegetable Oil Intake

One of the main components of prostaglandin is n-6 fatty acids, which are high in vegetable oils. Reducing foods like fried or sautéed dishes that use vegetable oils may also help.

The above explains the effects of prostaglandin on menstrual discomfort.

Other female hormones also influence pre-menstrual symptoms. Progesterone, which increases significantly before menstruation, drops rapidly just before menstruation begins. This hormonal imbalance can further contribute to menstrual pain.

Additionally, everyday stress may cause the brain to become overly sensitive to pain. Small efforts to relieve stress, such as light exercise, aromatherapy, and meditation, are recommended for alleviating discomfort.